Sample Abstract for Paper Presentation

Abstract is an important part of the writing task or oral presentation because it helps to introduce the topic of the research. A successful abstract provides its readers with a brief overview of the presentation, helps them to understand the further development of the writer’s idea and the relevance of it in order to decide whether to continue reading the whole presentation. Sample abstract for paper presentation should not be longer than two hundred words and has to be clear to the general public or those people who are not familiar with the topic. As for the recommendations for a sample abstract for the paper presentation, it should contain the following 4 points: The principle objectives, or precisely the reason for choosing the topic and the scope of the research. The thesis statement of the paper presentation should be included in the abstract as well. Summary the main findings from the different studies engaged in the presentation. The information on the methodology or approach to the problem also has to be described in this part. It needs to conclude the presentation and provide the suggestions of the study results. What is more, it is important to omit background information on the topic as well as introductory materials. There should be no explanations of what the paper presentation describes, but only the results of the study. Besides, no references, figures, and bibliographic information are presented in the abstract. The main feature of a successful abstract for paper presentation is avoiding of wordiness and unnecessary information, grammar and spelling mistakes, the weak organization of the essential ideas. For example, the abstract for presentation on the theme â€Å"Negative Effects of Global Warming† would represent the major findings of the study: Negative effects of global warming on human health, agriculture and environment outweigh the positive sides. As this topic is an important present day issue, it was selected for the presentation. The main purpose of the presentation is to describe the negative effects of global warming and predictions about the further development of the environmental situation and provide the ways to reduce the level of negative impacts. By means of synthesis and analysis, there were established the essential negative impacts of the global warming, such as polar and glacier melting, ocean acidification, sea level rise, greenhouse effect, temperature increase, droughts and extreme weather, water and air pollution, land degradation, extinction of endangered species. The comparative analysis showed that the negative effects of global warming increased for the last few decades. As for the predictions of the development of the environment, scientists state that the number of negative effects will enlarge . Among the negative influences, the idea that traditional crops can extinct is predominant. The change in the migration patterns of fishes and birds has already been determined. Serious weather disturbances are also considered to be the first effect of global warming. Moreover, there is a prediction that some areas can be flooded because the melting of the ocean progresses. References Bell, L. (2011). Climate of corruption: Politics and power behind the global warming hoax. Austin, TX: Greenleaf Book Group Press. Bhattacharjee P. Global Warming Impact on the Earth. IJESD. 2010:219-220. doi:10.7763/ijesd.2010.v1.41. Casper, J. K. (2010). Changing ecosystems: Effects of global warming. New York: Facts on File. Herman B. The Influence of Global Warming Science Views and Sociocultural Factors on Willingness to Mitigate Global Warming. Science Education. 2014;99(1):1-38. doi:10.1002/sce.21136. Paudel Knatch L. Global Warming, Impact on Agriculture and Adaptation Strategy. Natural Resource Modeling. 2012;25(3):456-481. doi:10.1111/j.1939-7445.2012.00127.x.

The Effects Of Global Warming On The Environment - 1453 Words

Human impact such as industrialization, livestock farming and the increase in recent population have all caused serious environmental impacts that have let to dramatic global climate change. â€Å"Scientists generally agree that the globe has warmed over the past 40 years, due largely to human activities that raise carbon-dioxide levels in the atmosphere† (Clemet). Greenhouse gasses have always existed, but not to the extent that they do in today’s world; they are causing a dramatic change in climate and causing major environmental issues. Although some may argue the fact that climate change occurs naturally and humans have no impact on the speed of climate change, humans are dramatically increasing the rate in which our seas rise, our ice†¦show more content†¦These who deny global warming often base their opinion off of the fact that it is some sort of scientific conspiracy. Although scientific results do not always prove to be true, there is no denying that h umans have speed this process up to such a point that animals such as the polar bear could disappear unless this pace slows down sometime soon. We must open our eyes to realize that although this occurs on its own, we are only making it worse! â€Å"Greenhouse gases of major policy significance include CO2, CH4, N2O† (Global Environmental Change SIRS). These three gases have always existed but they have not had the same atmospheric concentrations as before and this is a result of human activity. Those on the opposing side do not want to admit or face the fact that humans are the individuals causing the damage to this earth. This denial could be due to the fact that if money is put towards stopping or lessening the burning of fossil fuels for example, those individuals in the fossil fuel business will lose their job. Money is a factor in denying many truths in this world, as long as money is coming into the pockets of major corporations†¦who cares if our world is slowly dying? They want to continue with their ways and hope that things well eventually piece itself back together, which is not true and is actually very ignorant. There are some facts that can not be denied: CO2 levels have risen

Business Statistics Applying Value Stream Mapping

Question: 1. What are the sources of value-added and non-value-added work in this process? 2. Where are the main opportunities to improve the cycle time of this process, with respect to both actual time used and the potential best times? What strategy would you use? 3. Step 10: Resolve Open Issues required 104 hours (potential) versus 106 hours (actual). Is there an OFI here? Why or why not? If so, how would you attack it? 4. What do you think are the most difficult critical issues to deal with when designing a sound cycle time study such as this one? Answer: 1. In order to calculate the non- value added work and value added work, the ratio of potential and actual is calculated in the following table: step description actual potential Potential / actual 1 Read basic data package 4 4 1 2 Write, type, proof, sign, copy and distribute 21.9 0.5 0.022831 3 queue 40 0 0 4 Lead engineer calls key people to schedule meeting 4 0.25 0.0625 5 Write, type, proof, sign, copy, and distribute conformation letter 25.4 2.1 0.082677 6 Hold meeting 4 4 1 7 Project leader and specialist develop missing information 12 12 1 8 Determine plant preferred vendors 12 12 1 9 Review notes from meeting 12 12 1 10 Resolve open issues 106 104 0.981132 11 Write, type, proof, sign, copy, and distribute basic data acceptance letter 26.5 0.25 0.009434 total 267.8 151.1 0.564227 Table 1: Ratio of potential and actual (Source: created by author) The variables whose ratio of potential and actual are less than one, forms the non value added work. It is seen that the source of non- value added work in the process are following steps and their respective variables: steps description 2 Write, type, proof, sign, copy and distribute 3 queue 4 Lead engineer calls key people to schedule meeting 5 Write, type, proof, sign, copy, and distribute conformation letter 10 Resolve open issues 11 Write, type, proof, sign, copy, and distribute basic data acceptance letter Table 2: non- value added work in the process (Source: created by author) The variables whose ratio of potential and actual are equal to one, forms the value added work. It is seen that the source of value added work in the process are following steps and their respective variables: steps reasons 1 Read basic data package 6 Hold meeting 7 Project leader and specialist develop missing information 8 Determine plant preferred vendors 9 Review notes from meeting Table 3: Value added work in the process (Source: created by author) 2. With respect to both actual time and process time, the main opportunities to improve the cycle time of the process involves reducing the time between step one and step 2, step 3, between step 4, step 5 and step 6 and between step 9 and step 10. The strategy that can be used to reduce the cycle time of this process is to cut the time of all the steps involved in this process. All the teams must be must be on track and they must be focused on their work. This is the main key to improve the cycle time of the process. 3. There are various opportunities of improvement in this work process. It is seen that there are huge cycle time in the process. This had made the work lengthy and on reducing this cycle time of the work process, there are possibilities of improvement. The strategies that would be adapted in order to improve the work process involves that the teams must be focused and dedicated in their work. The management must frame rules and regulations, which would provide the teams with opportunities of improvement. It is obvious that there would be overestimation in the work process (Gould et al., 2013). Every team keeps their grace time in the work process and provide the length of their cycle time. The management must keep a track on these over estimating time and cut down the time may be in half. This would reduce the grace time of the teams in their work process. They would work efficiently and would proceed with the work faster. Thus, the strategy of tacking the overestimation in the work process and cutting down the overestimated time of the process would provide opportunities of improvement in the work process. 4. The most difficult issue that would be dealt with in order to design a sound cycle time study like the above case study is the accurate management of both value added work and non-value added work. Adjusting both the value added work and non-value added work would help to reduce the overestimated time of the cycle and provide opportunities of improvement of improvement to every teams of the work process (Teichgrber de Bucourt, 2012). The management of the work process should frame their policies accordingly and face the challenge of proper management of both value added work and non-value added work. It takes lots of time to appoint for each step of the work process and re-appoint them when needed. This is a challenge that is the most critical issue that would be dealt with to design a sound cycle process. References Gould, G. W., Gibb, M., Johnson, J. W., Kubicki, S. A., Inch, T. M. (2013).U.S. Patent No. 8,345,857. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Teichgrber, U. K., de Bucourt, M. (2012). Applying value stream mapping techniques to eliminate non-value-added waste for the procurement of endovascular stents.European journal of radiology,81(1), e47-e52.